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For a block containing 'x' number of unverified transactions, how many...

I've been trying to understand this for a few days now.I understand that the hashmerkleroot is the root node of a fully perfect binary tree. I also understand that the sha256d hashes would be the...

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What hardware do pool operators use for calculating the hashmerkleroot?

I've reviewed the response here: How do pool operators do their hashing? and acknowledge that the ratio of hashing required by pool operators is incomparable to the miners.I still wonder what hardware...

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Questions on Merkle root hashing for Stratum pools

These questions are partially inspired from this post on Merkle root hashing by pool operators. My understanding is that for Stratum mining the only hashing the pool has to do is produce the Merkle...

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Merkle root of empty block

Based on https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Getblocktemplate :Collect your coinbase transaction (modified or not) at the front of the "transactions" list provided by the server. Apply a double-SHA256 hash to...

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Can taproot script trees have nodes with a single child?

I am writing some code implementing taproot address creation where a script path is present and I have a quick question surrounding the reference code.The BIP-341 reference method...

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Why store Merkle tree of transactions rather than global ledger state?

I'm implementing my own Cryptocurrency similar to Bitcoin from scratch in C++ (just for learning and deeper understanding) and had an interesting design question.My understanding is that the Merkle...

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How can a block validate a merkle-root if it is all hashed?

I am trying to understand how another block validates the transactions through the merkle root. Shouldn't it be impossible to know what hashes the merkle root is hashed from because you can't reverse...

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Ternary Merkle Tree - concatenation and Merkle Proof?

Unlike binary Merkle trees, ternary have 3 leaf nodes. I wanted to understand how do we eventually get to the Root Merkle node -- is it by concatenating in the pair of 3 (considering 3 leaves in every...

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Merkle tree recalculation during transaction lookup

When full-node receives a request from SPV client to check if given transaction exists in the blockchain - does it always re-calculate the merkle tree on the fly in order to return merkle path + block...

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MerkleRoot requires transaction hash to build a merkle tree.... Is that the...

I've created a function for parsing Json Objects and values and just when I think nothing can stop me, just when I feel like I'm the king of the blockchain and I can finally join in on the mining race...

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What guarantees the validity of merkle root used in the merkle inclusion proof?

I understand Merkle roots can be used for Merkle inclusion proofs, where a client/validator can quickly check if a transaction is part of the block without requesting all the transactions in the...

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What are the detailed rules for Merkle tree generation? Specifically the...

As far as I know, the first one is the coinbase transaction

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Is merkle hash tree also at network level?

From my understanding of the Bitcoin network, Merkle Hash Tree is used on a block level, where each transaction is a leaf of the tree (except the situation that if transaction count is odd, the last...

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How is SPV feasible without the entire Merkle Tree? [duplicate]

One of the primary arguments in favor of using Merkle Trees as the mechanism of encoding transactions is the value it provides in Partial Verifications or Simplified Payment Verification.The argument...

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Understanding bitcoin merkle tree construction at code level

I have a high level understanding of how merkle trees are constructed for a Bitcoin block, but I am interested in building a little CLI tool in golang that actually takes a list of transactions for a...

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The true reason bitcoin needs merkle proof for SPV wallet?

I know exactly what merkle tree is, and I know it is used to verify a transaction is in a block with just a hundred of bytes flowing through my network cable (btw do I really lack that megabytes...

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Merkle Root and Merkle Proofs

This is one of those questions that everyone seems to write about but the same bad explanations are just plagiarized from site to site.Edit: The heart of my question is why Merkle trees are claimed to...

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How do Bitcoin miners/nodes access previous transactions?

I started reading about how bitcoin transactions are processed and I came across the Merkle Tree. I learned that one of its purposes is to prevent nodes from storing the entire bitcoin transaction...

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What exactly happens to leaves when forming nodes?

If you hash TXIDs with sha256 twice, you get the leaves of the merkle tree. As far as I understand the two outputs of the TXIDs are concatenated / paired. What does that mean? Are they added together?

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Verifying a Merkle/SPV Proof (Bash Script)

I am trying to verify a SPV/Merkle Inclusion Proof.I have the TXid of the transaction, the intermediary nodes between the transaction and the root hash, and the merkle root itself.I need to calculate...

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