How to build Merkle root from merkle branches?
Is there any help/tutorial on how to build the Merkle root from stratum data?The Slushpool's stratum protocol has an example of a mining job but it does not contain any Merkle branches and I don't know...
View ArticleMerkle tree hash - Computing hash manually doesnt match the one computed by...
I am trying to go through the code to check the merkle tree hash computation done by BlockMerkleRoot in bitcoin core. The hash computed using online tools by appending transaction hashes is different...
View ArticleWhy store Merkle tree of transactions rather than global ledger state?
I'm implementing my own Cryptocurrency similar to Bitcoin from scratch in C++ (just for learning and deeper understanding) and had an interesting design question.My understanding is that the Merkle...
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Merkle Root and Merkle Proofs
This is one of those questions that everyone seems to write about but the same bad explanations are just plagiarized from site to site.Edit: The heart of my question is why Merkle trees are claimed to...
View ArticleHow do Bitcoin miners/nodes access previous transactions?
I started reading about how bitcoin transactions are processed and I came across the Merkle Tree. I learned that one of its purposes is to prevent nodes from storing the entire bitcoin transaction...
View ArticleMerkle root for Taproot key path spending?
I'm referring to a page of Taproot test vectors provided in BIP 341.In the section called keyPathSpending and then inputSpending under that, there are 7 JSON objects that provide parameters to test...
View ArticleSpeed of Merkle Root proofs in SPV
Is it really more efficient to use the Merkle Root proofs system to verify that a transaction is included in a block for SPV clients compared to Download the block and check if the transaction is...
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View ArticleHow is the merkle root verified if the mempools may be different?
How is the merkle root verified if the mempools are different? I already understand how its calculated. If a node has a mempool of transactions, and a miner has only some of those transactions and...
View ArticleAre pool provided merkle branches trustable?
I'm a beginner is this field. Can someone explain to me how mining pool provided merkle branches are valid?Normally, when we make the root, it starts from top to bottom, a single change in order can...
View ArticleHow do I retrieve address balances to build a Merkle sum tree?
Curious about building my own proof of solvency program. I understand how the Merkle sum tree works in theory but I am having issues understanding the practical ways of getting the information I...
View ArticleBulletproofs vs Merkle paths for inclusion proofs
In this blog post, Andrew Poelstra comments that bulletproofs can be used for efficient merkle inclusion proofs.How would these proofs compare in size and verifying time to simple merkle paths? Take...
View ArticleWho's exploiting Merkle Root?
What kind of software is going to use a merkle root to know if a transaction is in a block ? I know Thin nodes are doing this but this is a little bit useless since major branches are required.Why...
View ArticleWhat are MATT opcodes?
There is plenty of discussion in the Bitcoin-dev mailing list about MATT opcodes, and I would like to know what these are.
View ArticleLegitimate merkle paths for SPV
How does a light client via SPV make sure that the requested merkle path is not fake?I know that the client has its own copy of the block headers, so it can trust the merkle root from there. It then...
View ArticleWhat am I doing wrong in calculating Merkle root of the block with only 2...
I want to learn how to calculate the Merkle root so I started from a simple example, a block with only 2 transactions (block #99997). However, I ran into a problem.Mempool online block explorer says...
View ArticleAre all transactions, whether SegWit or non-SegWit, part of the commitment in...
A merkle root in a block header is a way to commit all transactions in that block. However, since it does not cover transaction witness data, another commitment needs to be made in a coinbase...
View ArticleHow do I calculate the witness commitment hash for a given block?
From my understanding, every SegWit enabled block has an added output script which is used as a place to store the "Witness commitment" specified in BIP 141.One issue I've stumbled upon was calculating...
View ArticleHow to calculate Merkle Root? Need to reverse?
I downloaded the necessary information and made the coinbase. Then I calculated the merkle root... But I always get an error message when I submit a block: "bad-txnmerkleroot". Tere is my code:def...
View ArticleWhat is TXID？Is it used to calculate merkleroot [duplicate]
I downloaded the block template where each transaction contains 'data', 'txid', 'hash'. I read in some articles that the Merkelroot is calculated using 'txid'. Is true? Why txid not hash, and what's...
View ArticleUnderstanding Bitcoin - Usage of Merkle Trees
I'm currently learning about the Bitcoin blockchain.I've come across the concept of Merkle trees in the context of Bitcoin. I understand that Merkle trees are used to verify the integrity of the data,...
View ArticleMerkle tree structure for 9 transactions
I've been reading the developers documentation, other sources and the good books about Bitcoin. But none of the resources shows a merkle tree with 5 or more leafs. I'm confused, does the bitcoin core...
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What is the canonical way of creating merkle tree branches?
I'm currently looking into creating some compact merkle tree branches to prove that a given hash was included in a given merkle root. My initial thought was to list the leaf, the merkle root and all of...
View ArticleWho gives SPV nodes merkle path to do validation for small subset of...
From Mastering bitcoin:Merkle trees are used extensively by SPV nodes. SPV nodes don’t have all transactions and do not download full blocks, just block headers. In order to verify that a transaction...
View ArticleHow can an external party be sure that node's response is valid?
Assume that 51% of nodes are honest and 49% malicious. Fur sure, longest chain would make the chains consistent/same all over the world as 51% can outweigh the 49%, but my question is slightly...
View ArticleHow can taproot transactions manage to store so much data?
I don't quite understand how ordinals are able to store so much data on chain. I know about the ordinals envelope.OP_FALSE OP_IF OP_PUSH "ord" OP_PUSH 1 OP_PUSH "text/plain;charset=utf-8" OP_PUSH 0...
View ArticleHow do you know that Block, the Merket Root & the hashes in the path are...
I went through this Q & A on Merkle RootWhat is the Merkle root?And several others on the Merkle Root & the Merkle Tree. I understand what is a Merkle Tree & how you can take use your...
View ArticleHow can I get the wtxid and its corresponding merkle proof of the said wtxid?
Are there any available block explorers that will supply a transaction's wtxid and its corresponding merkle proof of the said wtxid?If not, how would I retrieve this if i'm running bitcoind?
View ArticleCombine two p2tr addresses into one
Is it possible to combine two (or more) P2TR addresses into a single P2TR address spendable by the owner of any one of the input addresses? I.e. like a 1-of-N multisig. Something like making tapscript...
View ArticleHow are txns sorted correctly in Merkle trees between nodes and validated via...
I am interested in exactly what happens to transactions in the pending block (block that is being mined at the time). From what I understand, transactions are the stored as a Merkle tree hash inside...
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